Sublimation printing is a popular method for creating unique and high-quality designs on various materials, such as polyester, metal, or ceramics. However, until recently, sublimation on cotton was not possible. With new technologies and techniques, it is now possible to sublimate on cotton, opening up endless possibilities for customization and personalization.

In this article, we will explore how to sublimate on 100% cotton t-shirts, providing a step-by-step guide for beginners. For those who prefer visual guidance, please see my video on sublimating on cotton for more details.

First, let's start with the basics. Sublimation printing works by using heat and pressure to transfer designs from a special transfer paper to the material. The design is printed in reverse on the transfer paper using sublimation ink, which turns into gas when exposed to heat and pressure. The gas then permeates the material, bonding with the fibers and creating a permanent and vibrant print.

However, cotton is a natural material, and the fibers do not have the same structure as synthetic materials. Therefore, traditional sublimation ink does not bond well with cotton fibers, resulting in a washed-out and faded print. To solve this problem, we need to use a special type of ink and paper.

The key to sublimating on cotton is using a sublimation DTF (direct-to-film) transfer method. With this technique, we print the design onto a transparent transfer film using a sublimation printer, which produces a high-quality and vibrant image. Then, we apply a special adhesive powder to the printed film, which will bond with the cotton fibers when heated.

Here are the steps to sublimating on 100% cotton t-shirts:

1. Choose your design: The first step is to choose or create a design that you want to transfer onto the t-shirt. You can use any software that supports image editing, such as Adobe Photoshop or Illustrator, or use pre-made design bundles. Make sure the design is mirrored, so it will be the correct orientation when transferred.
2. Print the design: Use a sublimation printer to print the design onto the transparent transfer film. Make sure to set the printer to high-quality and mirror the image.
3. Prepare the transfer film: Once the design is printed, we need to apply a special adhesive powder to the film. Place the film onto a flat surface, and sprinkle the powder evenly onto the printed side of the film. Use a brush to remove any excess powder and ensure the film is evenly coated.
4. Heat press: Preheat your heat press to 375°F. Place the t-shirt onto the press and heat it for 5-10 seconds to remove any moisture and wrinkles. Then, place the transfer film onto the t-shirt, with the powder side facing down. Cover the film with a sheet of parchment paper or Teflon sheet, and press for 20-30 seconds using medium pressure.
5. Peel and enjoy: Once the press is finished, peel off the transfer film carefully, starting from the corner. If the design is not fully transferred, you can repeat the process with a new sheet of adhesive powder.

With these steps, you can create stunning and vibrant designs on 100% cotton t-shirts, without compromising the quality or durability of the print. Experiment with different designs, colors, and fabrics to unleash your creativity.